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Invest. clín ; 53(2): 148-156, jun. 2012. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-664573

ABSTRACT

El objetivo de la presente investigación fue correlacionar los valores séricos de bilirrubina con el índice de Kramer en un grupo de pacientes con ictericia neonatal de tres diferentes etnias. Representa un estudio prospectivo, aleatorio, observacional descriptivo-analìtico, longitudinal, comparativo y controlado en 50 recién nacidos con ictericia neonatal sin complicaciones. Se dividieron en 3 grupos: A (Control), n = 25 de origen caucásico; B, n = 15 de origen indígena local Wayúu y C, n = 10 de origen Afro americano. Al ingreso, a cada neonato se le determinaron las zonas dérmicas de Kramer y se le tomó una muestra de sangre venosa braquial para medir la bilirrubina de ingreso. Los valores al ingreso fueron: bilirrubina sérica 12,02 ± 3,41 mg/dL y el 62,8% estaban en nivel 3 de Kramer. No hubo diferencias entre los grupos étnicos estudiados y la correlación bilirrubina sérica-índice de Kramer fue de r= 0,93 (p < 0,005). Al 3er día se empezó a notar el descenso de la bilirrubina y de los índices de Kramer. El método de Kramer ofrece múltiples ventajas en la evolución del RN ictérico. No se encontraron diferencias raciales. Se recomienda implementar la aplicación de este método de Kramer en todas las unidades de neonatos en los hospitales, preferentemente en aquellas que carezcan de bilirrubinómetros transcutáneos.


The objective of the present study was to correlate seric values of bilirubin with the Kramer’s index in a group of newborns with neonatal jaundice, from three different ethnic groups. This was a prospective, randomized, observational, descriptive-analytical, longitudinal, comparative and controlled study of 50 newborns with neonatal jaundice, without complications. They were divided into three groups: A (Control), n = 25, of Caucasian descent; B, n = 15, of local indigenous descent (Wayúu) and C, n = 10, of Afro-American descent. Each newborn was screened at the start of the study for their Kramer’s dermic areas and simultaneously, a venous blood sample from the arm was taken for bilirubin quantification. They were compared through a correlation-regression analysis. Values at the beginning of the study were: serum bilirubin 12.02 ± 3.41 mg/dL, and 62.8% of neonates were at Kramer’s level 3. There were no differences among the ethnic groups studied and the correlation bilirubin/Kramer’s index was r= 0.93 (p < 0.005). At the third day, both bilirubin and Kramer’s indexes started to decrease. There were no ethnic differences. In conclusion, the Kramer’s method offers multiple advantages to evaluate a jaundiced newborn; it is a safe, non-invasive method with no cost. Besides, it is of great help in the prevention of the kernicterus. It is recommended to implement the use of the Kramer method in all the newborns units in our Hospitals, preferably in those lacking transcutaneous bilirubinometers.


Subject(s)
Humans , Infant, Newborn , Hyperbilirubinemia/diagnosis , Neonatal Screening/methods , Jaundice/diagnosis , Prospective Studies
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